{"id":67,"date":"2018-03-24T00:34:38","date_gmt":"2018-03-24T00:34:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/?page_id=67"},"modified":"2018-03-24T00:34:38","modified_gmt":"2018-03-24T00:34:38","slug":"module-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/module-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Module 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>16 June &#8211; 22 June 2025<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300\">Define vocabulary associated with plant morphology, reproductive and vegetative<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300\">Use a dichotomous key to identify plants<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300\">Create a dichotomous key<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300\">Create a plant press, preserve plant specimens<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300\">Identify biomes local to your area<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300\">Make observations of local flora and share<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Reading and Lecture<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Please watch all of the videos below. The family-specific videos this week cover Brassicaceae and Ericaceae. I&#8217;ve also included information about various fruit types, instructions on how to use dichotomous keys, and instructions on how to press plants. I encourage you to watch them more than once as this course progresses.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Family: Brassicaceae<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>About Brassicaceae<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/1_qmu4l7e9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-580\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-10-at-1.53.43-PM-300x181.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><strong>Live Dissection (Brassicaceae)<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_ktmkesjp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-571\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-08-at-10.39.02-AM-300x181.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>Family: Ericaceae<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>About Ericaceae<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_ngfbzrx6\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-353\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-03-at-10.05.01-PM-300x186.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"186\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><strong>Live Dissection (Ericaceae)<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_usks8m8y\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-354\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-03-at-10.05.13-PM-300x185.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>More About Fruits<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Fruits: Dry, Dehiscent<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_fwetppa4\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-560 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-07-at-3.18.28-PM-300x181.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><strong>Fruit: Dry, Indehiscent, Capsules<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_dzdvk9bx\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-561 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-07-at-3.24.44-PM-300x181.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><strong>Fruit: Fleshy, Simple<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_u4n2p4bq\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-562\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-07-at-3.26.53-PM-300x182.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Fruit: Fleshy, Multiple, Aggregate<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_9so03w19\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-563\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-07-at-3.31.34-PM-300x182.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>Introduction to Dichotomous Keys (video with LEGOs)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"30%\"><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_50bmfbed\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-356\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-03-at-10.14.53-PM-300x181.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td>In this week&#8217;s module, and throughout the class, you will be using dichotomous keys for identification. The live dissection videos I provide highlight the important features of several plant families and species that can be used with the <a href=\"https:\/\/alaska.instructure.com\/courses\/501\/pages\/hulten-keys-for-plant-identification\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hulten Key (linked in Canvas)<\/a>. You will find additional identification practice exercises under <a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/resources\/dichotomous-key-practice\/\">Resources-&gt;Dichotomous Key Practice<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><strong>Pressing Plants<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.uaf.edu\/media\/t\/0_zg63nl44\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-357\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/06\/Screen-Shot-2018-06-03-at-10.17.05-PM-300x181.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from the video\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Biomes (Virtual Field Trips)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[dimage attachment_id=&#8221;381&#8243; control=&#8221;true&#8221; auto-rotate=&#8221;false&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alaska\u2019s landscape is a land of contrasts in climate, physical geography and vegetation. We find the highest peak in North America within the state (Denali at <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">20,310 feet \u00a0= 6,190 m)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, as well as vast expenses of boggy lowlands. The climate varies from mild and wet to cold and dry. The state spans nearly 2,100 km of latitude and 3,500 km in longitude and supports tall, fast-growing forests in Southeastern Alaska (with the tropical rain forest elements), and low, slow-growing boreal forests in the Interior, as well as tree-less tundra in the north of the state. <\/span>(<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Summarized from Viereck and Little. 2007. Alaska Trees and Shrubs. University of Alaska Press.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>There are numerous vegetation types (biomes) found in Alaska. Each can be characterized based on the most important trees and shrubs occurring within these vegetation types. Follow the links below to visit and explore each 360 \u00ba biome.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/virtual-biome-interior-forest\/\"><strong>Interior Forest<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/virtual-biome-subalpine-tundra\/\"><strong>Subalpine tundra<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/virtual-biome-low-growing-spruce-forest\/\"><strong>Low-growing spruce forest<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/virtual-biome-treeless-bog\/\"><strong>Treeless bogs<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/virtual-biome-floodplain-thickets\/\"><strong>Floodplain thickets<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Activities<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Complete the two activities outlined below for this week.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Plant Morphology Quiz 2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The Vegetative Morphology quiz will help reinforce your understanding of the vocabulary associated with the aspects of plant morphology covered in the vegetative morphology videos pertaining to leaves. The quiz is meant to serve as a study aid, and you are able to take it as many times as you like. You will find the quiz by going to \u00a0the <a href=\"https:\/\/alaska.instructure.com\/courses\/501\/\">Canvas site for this course<\/a>, then navigating to Course Modules -&gt; Week 2 and then <a href=\"https:\/\/alaska.instructure.com\/courses\/501\/quizzes\/24970?module_item_id=220772\">Quiz 2<\/a>. The grade of your final attempt will be recorded in the grade center.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Identification Using Dichotomous Key<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Using provided keys, identify the violets and spruce in the plates below. Be sure and watch the video, &#8220;Introduction to Dichotomous Keys (video with LEGOs)&#8221; first!. There are <em>two<\/em> species of violets that you should be able to identify using the provided key, and <em>two<\/em> species of spruce. \u00a0 For the violets, note that neither of them has a stem, rather the leaves and flowers arise directly from the rhizome.<\/p>\n<p>Use the two keys linked below to identify the two types of violets, note that both lack a well-developed rootstock (sorry, no pictures of the rootstock).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/Violet-key_Hulten.pdf\">Violet Key &#8211; Hulten<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/Violet-key-_Cody.pdf\">Violet Key &#8211; Cody<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-219\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/Viola_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2700\" height=\"1800\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Above are images of the <em>first<\/em> violet species to be keyed out.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-220\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/Violet2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2975\" height=\"1203\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Above are two images of the <em>second<\/em> violet species.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>To identify the spruce plates below, <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/open?id=1svlbFi-xG6RYjP5HEBMYqHR_Tqy2JF0c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use the linked Hulten key<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/spruce-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-250\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/spruce-2-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Spruce specimen to be identified\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/Spruce-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-251\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/Spruce-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Spruce specimen to be identified\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Assignments<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>You have three assignments for this week. The instructions for each are given below.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Create Your Own Dichotomous Key<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Think back to the dichotomous key activity you just completed, the Lego video, and the Hulten and Cody keys you used. You will now create your own (unofficial) key for the purpose of differentiating plants in the 4 plates (plants 1-4) below.\u00a0\u00a0<strong>You can click on each of the plates to see an enlarged size of these images.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Using the provided plant images below, construct a dichotomous key. Your key will be used to identify the specimens in the plant images below (do not worry about genus species, just general categories are needed). Think of each collection of images as a plant species (full-sized images are linked to the thumbnails).<\/li>\n<li>Keep in mind that you are not identifying each plant to species. Instead, you are observing the characteristics of each plant to create the key.<\/li>\n<li>Build your own key in MS Word or Google Docs or upload a screenshot of your key.<\/li>\n<li>Submit your key as a new post here on the class website. <strong>Be sure and select the &#8220;Dichotomous Key&#8221; category when you create your post.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Plant 1<\/th>\n<th>Plant 2<\/th>\n<th>Plant 3<\/th>\n<th>Plant 4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-238 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bin 1 for Dichotomous Key activity\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-236 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin-2-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bin 2 for Dichotomous Key activity\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-239 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin3-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bin 3 for Dichotomous Key activity\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-237 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/766\/2018\/05\/bin4-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bin 4 for Dichotomous Key activity\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>iNaturalist Observations<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Make 5 observations to <a href=\"https:\/\/inaturalist.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iNaturalist<\/a>. Be sure to include them in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inaturalist.org\/projects\/plants-and-fungi-of-alaska\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Plants and Fungi of Alaska<\/a> project when submitting each observation.\u00a0 You will need to provide at least 3 images for each observation, overall habit, close-up of the flower and close-up of the leaf.\u00a0 It would be great to provide an underside image of the leaf and the upper surface of the leaf as well as these often have different pubescence (the tiny hairs, or trichomes), and can make the leaf appear dull or shiny.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Making Plant Voucher Specimens Using a Plant Press<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>After watching the Pressing Plants video (above), make plant collections (3) from your yard and press the specimens in newspaper. You might want to get going on this early in the week.<\/li>\n<li>Submit images (3) of your work as a new post here on the class website. Be sure and use the &#8220;Pressed Plants&#8221; category when you create your post.<\/li>\n<li>Each voucher specimen should show the overall vegetative morphology of the plant as well as the reproductive structures of the plant, and a label with the pertinent information about what (Genus +species + author of the scientific name), where, when and who collected it. It is best to lay the pressed specimen on a white sheet of paper or cardboard and lay the label beside it (in the lower right hand corner of the paper or cardboard).\u00a0 See some great examples on the website when you enter the search term &#8220;pressed plants&#8221; on the class website.\u00a0 For example\u00a0<a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/2020\/07\/16\/pressed-plants-from-wyoming-co-ny\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a grapevine<span class=\"external_link_icon\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"screenreader-only\">.<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0or a\u00a0<a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/2018\/06\/12\/mulberry\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mulberry<\/a>\u00a0from previous years. We have had\u00a0<a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/introtoflora.community.uaf.edu\/2020\/07\/15\/pressed-plants-17\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">some interesting students<\/a>\u00a0from across the globe.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The rubric for this assignment can be found in <a href=\"https:\/\/canvas.alaska.edu\/courses\/8332\/rubrics\/7532\">Canvas<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>16 June &#8211; 22 June 2025 Objectives Define vocabulary associated with plant morphology, reproductive and vegetative Use a dichotomous key to identify plants Create a dichotomous key Create a plant press, preserve plant specimens Identify biomes local to your area Make observations of local flora and share Reading and Lecture Please watch all of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-67","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/67","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/67\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/introtoflora.frontierbotany.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}